abstract：:This study investigates the nature of deformation and differences in the mechanisms of fracture and properties of dentine where there has been a loss of moisture, as may occur with removal of the pulp in the endodontic treatment of teeth. Controlled fracture toughness testing was conducted on bovine teeth to determine...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Kahler B,Swain MV,Moule A

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to move the finger the tendon force must overcome the gliding resistance of the tendon as well as the forces to move the joints, finger inertias, and external load. These sources, combined, make up the work of flexion (WOF) which has been experimentally used to evaluate the finger function. In this study, we ...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Zhao C,Amadio PC,Berglund L,Zobitz ME,An KN

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone is subjected in vivo to both high amplitude, low frequency strain, incurred by locomotion, and to low amplitude, broad frequency strain. The biological effects of low amplitude, broad frequency strain are poorly understood. To evaluate the effects of low amplitude strains ranging in frequency from 0 to 50 Hz on o...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Tanaka SM,Li J,Duncan RL,Yokota H,Burr DB,Turner CH

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electromagnetic tracking devices are used in many biomechanics applications. Previous studies have shown that metal located within the working field of direct current electromagnetic tracking devices produces significant errors. However, the effect of sampling rate on the errors produced in a metallic environment has ...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： LaScalza S,Arico J,Hughes R

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate body segment parameter (BSP) information is required for dynamic analyses of motion and the current methods available for obtaining these BSPs have been criticized. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) could accurately measure the BSPs of scanned objects an...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Durkin JL,Dowling JJ,Andrews DM

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evaluation of anterior laxity of the ankle joint complex is a difficult clinical problem. Currently, the prime determinant for anterolateral ligament function is the subjective manual examination of anterior laxity of the ankle joint complex. An instrumented dynamic test was developed for objective measurement of ante...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Kerkhoffs GM,Blankevoort L,Schreurs AW,Jaspers JE,van Dijk CN

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In inverse dynamics computations, the accuracy of the solution strongly depends on the accuracy of the input data. In particular, estimated joint moments are highly sensitive to uncertainties in acceleration data. The aim of the present work was to improve classical inverse dynamics computations by providing an accura...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Cahouët V,Luc M,David A

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many clinical studies suggest that local blood flow patterns are involved in the location and development of atherosclerosis. In coronary diseases, this assumption should be corroborated by quantitative information on local hemodynamic parameters such as pressure, velocity or wall shear stress. Nowadays, computational...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Berthier B,Bouzerar R,Legallais C

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Which of the elementary components (hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals, collagen, non-collagenous organic matter, water) do significantly contribute to the ultrastructural elastic stiffness magnitude and anisotropy of mineralized tissues; and how, i.e. through which shapes and assemblages (which micromechanical morphology)?...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Hellmich Ch,Ulm FJ

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscles coordinate multijoint motion by generating forces that cause reaction forces throughout the body. Thus, a muscle can redistribute existing segmental energy by accelerating some segments and decelerating others. In the process, a muscle may also produce or absorb energy, in which case its summed energetic effec...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Zajac FE

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, a numerical calculation procedure based on a finite volume method was developed to simulate steady flow fields in a model of abdominal aorta with its peripheral branches. The study focused on the steady baseline flow fields and the wall shear stress (WSS) distribution as well as the localization ...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Lee D,Chen JY

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A computational fluid dynamics model for the analysis of the bileaflet mechanical heart valve closure process is presented. The objective of the study is to demonstrate the ability of the numerical model to simulate the leaflet motion during the closing phase in order to investigate the closure fluid dynamics and to e...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Lai YG,Chandran KB,Lemmon J

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Computer simulation of human masticatory dynamics requires specification of the jaw's mass properties. These are difficult to estimate, especially in living subjects. Here, we used calibrated computed tomography (CT) to determine the properties of eight osseous jaw specimens with adult dentitions. When the CT numbers ...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Zhang F,Peck CC,Hannam AG

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intravascular stents are small tube-like structures expanded into stenotic arteries to restore blood flow perfusion to the downstream tissues. The stent is mounted on a balloon catheter and delivered to the site of blockage. When the balloon is inflated, the stent expands and is pressed against the inner wall of the c...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Migliavacca F,Petrini L,Colombo M,Auricchio F,Pietrabissa R

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the process used to generate lower limb kinematics during single limb stance phase of gait, using musculoskeletal modelling, muscle driven forward simulation and gradient based optimisation techniques (including design of experiment techniques). Initial inputs to the forward simulation process wer...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Jonkers I,Spaepen A,Papaioannou G,Stewart C

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An experimental compliance calibration method for measuring crack length in fracture toughness tests of cortical bone was developed. Calibration tests were conducted on twenty compact type fracture specimens machined from the mid-diaphysis of five pairs of equine third metacarpal bones. Specimens were oriented for cra...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Malik CL,Gibeling JC,Martin RB,Stover SM

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The central paradigm of skeletal mechanobiology is that mechanical forces modulate morphological and structural fitness of the skeletal tissues-bone, cartilage, ligament and tendon. Traditionally, skeletal biomechanics has focussed on how these tissues perform the structural and locomotory functions of the vertebrate ...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： van der Meulen MC,Huiskes R

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone densitometry has previously been used to obtain cross-sectional properties of bone from a single X-ray projection across the bone width. Using three unique projections, we have extended the method to obtain the principal area moments of inertia and orientations of the principal axes at each scan cross-section alo...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Cleek TM,Whalen RT

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study was designed to examine the effects of partial fatigue on specific mechanical parameters which characterise human tendons in vitro. Specimens prepared from 12 intact Extensor digitorum longus tendons of the foot were subjected to partial fatigue, equivalent to 25% of the median fatigue life, by a cyclic squa...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Schechtman H,Bader DL

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two questions were addressed in this study: (1) how much strain of the superficial aponeurosis of the human medial gastrocnemius muscle (MG) was obtained during voluntary isometric contractions in vivo, (2) whether there existed inhomogeneity of the strain along the superficial aponeurosis. Seven male subjects, whose ...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Muramatsu T,Muraoka T,Kawakami Y,Fukunaga T

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential for wear in UHMWPE components for total knee replacements can be reduced by decreasing the stresses and strains arising from tibial-femoral contact. The conformity of the articular surfaces has a large effect on the resultant stresses, and components that achieve flat medial-lateral contact have been ass...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Rawlinson JJ,Bartel DL

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In human walking, the center of mass motion is similar to an inverted pendulum. Viewing double support as a transition from one inverted pendulum to the next, we hypothesized that the leading leg performs negative work to redirect the center of mass velocity, while simultaneously, the trailing leg performs positive wo...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Donelan JM,Kram R,Kuo AD

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding microstructural changes that occur in skin subjected to repetitive mechanical stress is crucial towards the development of therapies to enhance skin adaptation and load tolerance in patients at risk of skin breakdown (e.g. prosthesis users, wheelchair users). To determine if collagen fibril diameter, col...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Sanders JE,Goldstein BS

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A technique is introduced for simultaneous measurements of the heel pad tissue deformation and the heel-ground contact stresses developing during the stance phase of gait. Subjects walked upon a gait platform integrating the contact pressure display optical method for plantar pressure measurements and a digital radiog...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Gefen A,Megido-Ravid M,Itzchak Y

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The question of whether the mechanical stiffness of a coronary bypass or that of a diseased coronary artery can have a significant effect on the hemodynamics in these vessels is addressed analytically, with emphasis on the effects of wave reflections. The analysis is based on a model of the vessels involved, and the r...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Alderson H,Zamir M

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have attributed the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in helicopter pilots mainly to poor posture in-flight and whole-body vibration, with the latter hypothesis particularly related to a cyclic response of the erector spine (ES) muscle to vibration. This work aims to determine if helicopter vibration a...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： de Oliveira CG,Simpson DM,Nadal J

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More extensive characterization of trabecular connectivity and intertrabecular space will be instrumental in understanding disease states and designing engineered bone. This project presents an experimental protocol to define the directional dependence of transport properties as measured from healthy cancellous bone w...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Kohles SS,Roberts JB,Upton ML,Wilson CG,Bonassar LJ,Schlichting AL

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sitting is often assumed to involve high loads on the spine as well as on implants for stabilising the spine. Loads on internal spinal fixation devices were therefore measured in ten patients sitting on several types of seats, including a stool, a stool with a padded wedge, a chair, a physiotherapy ball, a knee-stool,...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Rohlmann A,Arntz U,Graichen F,Bergmann G

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human and animal limbs can be modelled as a chain of segments connected at joints. For a static limb, the force exerted at the endpoint due to the force of a single muscle has been calculated. It turns out that there are marked differences in the action of mono- vs. biarticular muscles. Monoarticular muscles produce a...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Hof AL

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo loads acting at the hip joint have so far only been measured in few patients and without detailed documentation of gait data. Such information is required to test and improve wear, strength and fixation stability of hip implants. Measurements of hip contact forces with instrumented implants and synchronous ana...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Bergmann G,Deuretzbacher G,Heller M,Graichen F,Rohlmann A,Strauss J,Duda GN

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate location of the hip joint center is essential for computation of hip kinematics and kinetics as well as for determination of the moment arms of muscles crossing the hip. The functional method of hip joint center location involves fitting a pelvis-fixed sphere to the path traced by a thigh-fixed point while a ...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Piazza SJ,Okita N,Cavanagh PR

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that control of lumbar spinal muscle synergies is biomechanically optimized was studied by comparing EMG data with an analytical model with a multi-component cost function that could include (1) trunk displacements, (2) intervertebral displacements, (3) intervertebral forces; (4) sum of cubed muscle str...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Stokes IA,Gardner-Morse M

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article describes a method to simulate fusion of morselized cancellous bone. The morselized cancellous bone is mixed with an epoxy adhesive, in empirically determined proportions. The mixture is then impacted into a construct. When the epoxy cures, the morselized material fuses into a cohesive, contiguous structu...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Heiner AD,Brown TD

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A biomechanical model of the forearm, consisting of 61 muscle-tendon systems or tendons and 8 sections, is presented. The model can be used to calculate the muscle forces when resultant of the external forces and the motion is known. Calculations are based on constraints of muscle forces, joint forces, contact forces,...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Freund J,Takala EP

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intravesical and urethral pressure signals during cough and Valsalva maneuvers for 15 continent women were analyzed with frequency spectrum analysis. Clear modulation of the urethral pressure changes by the intravesical pressure rise during stress maneuvers was demonstrated in the frequency bands of 14 and 7 Hz for co...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Kim K,Jurnalov CD,Ham S,Webb MJ,An K

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Throughout life, bone is continuously turning over by the well-regulated processes of bone formation and resorption. Everyday activities damage bone, and this damage is normally repaired in a continuous remodelling process. When an imbalance in this remodelling process occurs, bones may become more susceptible to frac...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Ramtani S,Zidi M

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel technique to measure in vitro disc pressures in human cervical spine specimens was developed. A miniature pressure transducer was used and an insertion technique was designed to minimise artefacts due to insertion. The technique was used to measure the intradiscal pressure in cervical spines loaded in pure axi...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Cripton PA,Dumas GA,Nolte LP

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone is a dynamic tissue which, through the process of bone remodeling in the mature skeleton, renews itself during normal function and adapts to mechanical loads. It is, therefore, important to understand the effect of remodeling on the mechanical function of bone, as well as the effect of the inherent time lag in th...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Hazelwood SJ,Bruce Martin R,Rashid MM,Rodrigo JJ

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method for measuring three-dimensional kinematics that incorporates the direct cross-registration of experimental kinematics with anatomic geometry from Computed Tomography (CT) data has been developed. Plexiglas registration blocks were attached to the bones of interest and the specimen was CT scanned. Computer mod...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Fischer KJ,Manson TT,Pfaeffle HJ,Tomaino MM,Woo SL

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cerebral ischemia and reperfusion rat model was employed in this experiment to study the rheological properties (i.e. viscosity, hematocrit, red blood cell deformability and thixotropic properties) of whole blood. The results of this study show that a significant relation exists between the duration of cerebral is...

journal_title：Journal of biomechanics

authors： Kuke D,Donghua L,Xiaoyan S,Yanjun Z

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00